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#8 "Literary Essay"



       
                                            “BREAK THE SILENCE ON RACISM”                       

          A minority group may be defined as a group of people who, because of their physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the others in the society in which they live for differential and unequal treatment and who, therefore, regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination. This group differs from the rest because of their race, religion, or political beliefs. Many countries have minorities that are discriminated against, either officially by law or by common practice. In every region of the world, ethnic minorities are excluded from a sense of national identity, there is no region in which national identification is equal among minority and non-minority groups. However, these gaps are particularly large in some regions, especially in Northern Ireland and Belfast.
          Belfast is a city in transition, a divided city, divided by walls and divided even by the River Lagan. There have been many minority communities in Belfast for about 80 years. The largest ethnic minority groups are Chinese and Irish Travellers. There have been many Eastern European immigrants moving to the city in recent years with the expansion of the European Union. More than 2 per cent of the population belongs to an ethnic minority, with more than 50 per cent living in south Belfast.  While there has been peace for some time, most of Belfast still shows signs of the division in Northern Ireland, with many areas very segregated by religion, politics and ethnicity. On the east bank there is a largely unionist population, Protestant, and on the west, a solidly nationalist and Catholic one.
          Although there has been a high degree of class overlap between Catholic and Protestant, it did appear that the Catholic position was a less favourable one at every level. Firstly, education is heavily segregated, most state schools in Northern Ireland are predominantly Protestant. However, Catholic children
attend schools remaining faithful to their ideals. Secondly, employment was highly segregated in favour of Protestants, which led to emigration to seek employment among the Catholic population. In the 1960s, it was common for a job advertisement to state "only Protestants need apply". Apart from these differences, the most relevant is that in Northern Ireland and Belfast, people from minority ethnic groups have been forced to move into areas inhabited by one of these denominations: Catholic or Protestant. Those who did not move were badly affected by intimidation, violence and discrimination. As a result of the rising residential segregation, the British government created many laws to finally abolish it. Nevertheless, not all incidents were reported and there were many reasons why some members of minority ethnic groups did not register crimes committed against them. Finally, the huge barrier between them ended in a violent situation.
            The conflict in Northern Ireland during the late 20th century is known as the Troubles. Over 3,600 people were killed and thousands more injured. Although the numbers of active participants in the conflict were few, its effects were felt across society. Not only did the people in Ireland suffer, but also anyone who heard about these terrible events and the extremely segregation among the population. For that reason, the lead singer of the group U2, Bono, wrote a song called “Where the streets have no names”. In this song, he wants to tell the world and especially Irish people that no matter what anyone thinks about you, and no matter how different you are from the rest around you, at the end Protestant and Catholic are going to meet each other at the same place, where streets have no names. It is highly probable that that place is heaven. The song includes this passage:

The city's a flood, and our love turns to rust.

We're beaten and blown by the wind
Trampled in dust.
I'll show you a place
High on a desert plain
Where the streets have no name
Where the streets have no name
Where the streets have no name.


Therefore, a lot of singers tried to convey a message about discrimination in their songs as Bono did. For example, “All the girls love Alice”, by Elthon John, which relates the tragic story of a young lesbian who died in the streets.

All the young girls love Alice

Tender young Alice they say
Come over and see me
Come over and please me
Alice it's my turn today

Another famous song is “An Englishman in New York”, by Sting who wrote about the gay author Quentin Crisp and his experiences as an outcast.

If "manners maketh man" as someone said

He's the hero of the day
It takes a man to suffer ignorance and smile
Be yourself no matter what they say

            Nowadays, we live in a world where discrimination seems to be a way of life, it would appear that if you are not in the majority, so you have no rights, no possibilities and no life. Instead of being proud of being your own person, you just accept being badly treated by the rest of the society, because it is your fault to be different. Years ago, Africans themselves seemed to admit that they were inferior to white people. And today, women at work, lesbians, gays, heterosexuals, among others, all of them are different, but all of them are human beings. Whereas Bono showed the world Belfast situation, Elthon John and Sting were inspired by particular and everyday situations which we sometimes do not face, but they exist. The uncertainty of world events, the face of discrimination and its victims in the coming years is unclear.



SOURCES:



·         “Matters of Life and Death: Protestant and Catholic Ways of Seeing Death in Northern Ireland”, Belinda Loftus, Circa, No. 26, The Religion Issue (Jan. - Feb., 1986), pp. 14-18.

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